A Vernier calipers has 1 mm marks on the main scale. It has 20 equal divisions on the Vernier scale which match with 16 main scale divisions. For this Vernier calipers, the least count is
Vernier calipers measure small lengths with high precision using two scales: a main scale and a Vernier scale. The least count is the smallest measurement it can accurately read.
Main Scale Division (MSD) = 1 mm
Number of Vernier scale divisions (n) = 20
20 Vernier scale divisions match 16 main scale divisions, so:
Least Count (LC) = 1 MSD - 1 VSD
The least count is , so the correct option is: 0.2 mm
Least Count (LC) = or LC = 1 MSD - 1 VSD
Where n = number of divisions on the Vernier scale
Vernier calipers work on the principle of vernier acuity, where a smaller scale (Vernier) slides along a main scale. The least count depends on the difference between one main scale division and one Vernier scale division. Higher precision instruments have smaller least counts.
Used in mechanical engineering, physics labs, and manufacturing for measuring internal/external dimensions and depths of objects with precision up to 0.01 mm or better.